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Degas
French painter, graphic artist, and sculptor. The son of a wealthy banker, he entered the É cole des Beaux-Arts in 1855. He spent much time in Italy studying and copying the old masters and became a skilled draftsman, producing history paintings and portraits. In the 1860s he was introduced to Impressionism by E. Manet and gave up his academic aspirations, turning for his subject matter to the fast-moving city life of Paris, particularly the ballet, theater, circus, racetrack, and café s. Influenced by Japanese prints and the new medium of photography, he used displaced figure groupings and unfamiliar perspective to create figure groups seen informally and in movement, similar in effect to snapshots (e.g., Place de la Concorde). His fascination with the ballet and the racetrack sprang from his interest in picturing people absorbed in the practiced movements of their occupations. He worked much in pastel, his favorite medium, producing series of women, bathers, ballerinas, and horse races. From c.1880 he modeled wax figures, which were cast in bronze after his death. He was the first of the Impressionists to achieve recognition.


Pegasus
In Greek mythology, a winged horse. It sprang from the blood of Medusa as she was beheaded by Perseus. Bellerophon captured Pegasus and rode him in several of his exploits, incl. his fight with the Chimera, but when he tried to ride the winged horse to heaven he was unseated and killed, and Pegasus was placed in the sky as a constellation. The flight of Pegasus is often regarded as a symbol of poetic inspiration.


Vega
One of the great Spanish chroniclers of the 16th cent. Vega was the illegitimate son of a conquistador and an Inca noblewoman. Raised in his father's household on a vast estate in Peru, he absorbed the traditions of both cultures. Going to Spain in 1560, he served as captain in the Spanish army against the Moors, then entered the priesthood. He is best known for La Florida del Ynca (an account of H. de Soto's expeditions north of Mexico) and his history of Peru. He was related to his namesake, the Spanish Golden Age poet Garcilaso de la Vega (1503-1536).

Spanish playwright, the outstanding dramatist of the Spanish Golden Age. After serving with the Spanish Armada, he lived in Madrid, serving as secretary to a series of nobles, incl. the duke of Sessa (from 1605). Called the "Phoenix of Spain," the phenomenally prolific Vega wrote as many as 1,800 plays, of which 431 survive, and established the comedia (tragicomic social drama) that typified the new Golden Age drama. He wrote two major types of drama, both Spanish in setting: the historical play based on a national legend (e.g., Peribá ñ ez and El mejor alcalde, el rey), and the "cloak-and-sword" drama of contemporary manners and intrigue, which turned on some "point of honor" (e.g., El acero de Madrid). He established the comic character, or gracioso, as a commentator on the follies ...

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