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Bab
Iranian religious leader, founder of the Babi religion and one of the central figures of Baha'i. The son of a merchant, he was influenced by the Shaykhi school of Shiite Islam. In 1844 he wrote a commentary on the sura of Joseph in the Quran and declared himself the Bab (Arabic: "gateway") to the hidden imam. Later he would claim to be the imam himself, and finally a divine manifestation. The same year he assembled 18 disciples, who spread the new faith in the various Persian provinces. He had popular support but was opposed by members of the religious class, and he was arrested near Tehran in 1847 and imprisoned. Meeting at Badasht in 1848, his followers, the Azali, formally broke with Islam. Mirza was executed by a firing squad at Tabriz in 1850.
Gabo
Russian-U.S. sculptor. He studied at the Univ. of Munich, and in 1913 he was introduced to avant-garde art in Paris by his brother, A. Pevsner. In 1920 the brothers returned to Russia and issued the Realist Manifesto, setting forth the principles of European Constructivism. Gabo produced abstract works of such unorthodox materials as glass, plastic, and wire to achieve a sense of movement. After some years in Europe, he settled in the U.S. in 1946 and taught at Harvard's architecture school. He received many awards and public commissions. A pioneer of the Constructivist movement, he was one of the earliest artists to experiment with kinetic sculpture.
Nabu
Major god in the Assyrian-Babylonian pantheon, the son of Marduk. He was patron of the art of writing and a god of vegetation. As the recorder of the fates assigned to humans by the gods, Nabu's symbols were the clay tablet and the stylus. His holy city was Borsippa. Goddesses associated with Nabu were Nana, a Sumerian deity; the Assyrian Nissaba; and the Akkadian Tashmetum.
Rabi
U.S. (Polish-born) physicist. He earned his PhD at Columbia Univ., where he later taught physics (from 1929). In 1940-45 at MIT he led a group of scientists who helped develop radar, and succeeded J. R. Oppenheimer as chairman of the Atomic Energy Commission's General Advisory Committee (1952-56). He was the first to propose the joint European laboratory CERN, and he helped found New York's Brookhaven National Laboratory. His method for measuring the magnetic properties of atoms atomic nuclei, and molecules (1937) led to the atomic clock, the maser, the laser, magnetic resonance imaging, and the central technique for molecular and atomic beam experimentation, and won him a 1944 Nobel Prize.
Saba
Island (pop., 1990: 1,100) of the Netherlands Antilles in the Caribbean Sea. It lies 16 mi (26 km) northwest of St. Eustatius, with which it forms the Lesser Antilles. It has an area of 5 sq mi (13 sq km) and is the peak of an extinct volcano, Mt. Scenery. It was settled by the Dutch in 1632, but its inaccessibility and ruggedness prevented it from achieving economic importance and ...
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