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Guillemin
French-U.S. physiologist. He and his colleagues discovered, isolated, analyzed, and synthesized hypothalamic hormones that regulate thyroid activity, cause the pituitary to release growth hormone, and regulate the activities of the pituitary and the pancreas. He shared a 1977 Nobel Prize with A. V. Schally and R. Yalow. Guillemin is also known for his discovery of endorphins.
guillemot
Any of three species of black-and-white seabirds (genus Cepphus, family Alcidae). Guillemots have a pointed, black bill and red legs. Guillemots are deep divers that feed at the bottom. The best-known species, the black guillemot, breeds around the Arctic Circle and winters south to the British Isles, Maine, and the Bering Strait; it is about 14 in. (35 cm) long. The similar pigeon guillemot breeds along both coasts of the N. Pacific, south to Japan and S California; the spectacled guillemot breeds from Japan to the Kuril Islands. In British usage, the name also refers to birds called murres in the U.S.
Meillet
French linguist. He argued that any attempt to account for linguistic change must recognize that language is a social phenomenon. His Introduction to the Comparative Study of the Indo-European Languages (1903) explained the relationships of the Indo-European languages to each other and to their parent tongue. Meillet suggested that languages that develop farther from a center of common origin are less disturbed by changes at the point of origin and more likely to retain archaic characteristics. He produced authoritative grammars of classical Armenian and Old Iranian and made notable contributions to Slavic studies.
Millet
French painter. Born to a peasant family near Cherbourg, he studied with a painter in Paris, but when one of his two submissions to the Salon was rejected (1840), he returned to Cherbourg, where initially he painted mostly portraits. His first success came with The Milkmaid (1844), and in 1848 another peasant scene, The Winnower, was shown at the Salon. In 1849 he settled in the village of Barbizon. Because he continued to exhibit peasant scenes that emphasized the labors of rustic life, he was accused of being a socialist, but his aims were not political. His Angelus (1859) became one of the most popular paintings of the 19th cent. Because he later turned to landscape, he is often linked with the Barbizon school.
millet
Turkish autonomous religious community under the Ottoman empire (c.1300-1923). Millets were responsible to the central government for such obligations as taxes and internal security. Each millet also had responsibility for social and administrative functions not provided by the state. Beginning in 1856, a series of secular legal reforms eroded much of their administrative autonomy. See also Tanzimat.
Any of various grasses (family Poaceae, or Gramineae), that produce small edible seeds used as forage crops and as food ...
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