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BASIC
Computer programming language developed by J. Kemeny and Thomas E. Kurtz (b.1928) at Dartmouth College in the mid-1960s. One of the simplest high-level languages, with commands similar to English, it can be learned with relative ease even by schoolchildren and novice programmers. Since c.1980, BASIC has been popular for use on personal computers.


Basie
U.S. jazz pianist and bandleader, whose band became the most refined exponent of swing. Born in Red Bank, N.J., Basie was influenced by the Harlem pianists J. P. Johnson and F. Waller, receiving informal tutelage on the organ from the latter. He formed his band in Kansas City in 1936. Its rhythm section, incl. guitarist Freddie Green, bassist Walter Page, and drummer Jo Jones, quickly became noted for its lightness, precision, and relaxation; on this foundation, the brass and reed sections developed a vocabulary of riffs and motifs on such recordings as "One o'Clock Jump" and "Jumpin' at the Woodside." Basie's piano style became increasingly spare, a distillation of the stride tradition and a model of economy. His soloists included singer J. Rushing, trumpeters Buck Clayton and Harry "Sweets" Edison, and saxophonist L. Young. Basie's reorganized band of the 1950s placed greater emphasis on ensemble work, as arrangers such as Neal Hefti and Ernie Wilkins codified a more powerful style built from the riffs and buoyant rhythm of the earlier group. The band achieved renewed popularity for recordings featuring vocalist J. Williams and became recognized as a jazz institution.


basil
Herb consisting of the dried leaves of Ocimum basilicum, an annual herb of the mint family, native to India and Iran. The dried large-leaf varieties have a fragrant aroma faintly reminiscent of anise, and a warm, sweet, aromatic, mildly pungent flavor. The dried leaves of common basil are less fragrant and more pungent in flavor. Basil is widely grown as a kitchen herb. Tea made from basil leaves is a stimulant. The heart-shaped basil leaf is a symbol of love in Italy.


Pasic
Serbian and Yugoslav statesman. The editor of a socialist newspaper in Serbia, he was elected in 1878 to the legislature, where he opposed the authoritarian monarchy and advocated a parliamentary democracy. In 1881 he helped found the Radical Party, but he was forced to flee to Bulgaria in 1883. Returning to Serbia in 1889 under a new king, he served as premier (1891-92) and as ambassador to Russia (1893-94). Forced into exile again because of his political radicalism (1899-1903), he returned to support the Karageorgevi\u00e6 dynasty and King Peter I. As leader of the Radical Party, he served as premier of Serbia during most of the period 1904-18, then helped create the new Kingdom of Serbs, Croats, and Slovenes (later Yugoslavia). Despite opposition from the historically separate regions, as premier (1921-26) he pushed for a unitary constitution that confirmed Serbia's ...

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