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magus
Member of an ancient Persian clan specializing in cultic activities. The magi were a priestly caste during the Seleucid, Parthian, and Sasanian dynasties, and parts of the Avesta are probably derived from them. Their priesthood is believed to have served several religions, incl. Zoroastrianism. From the 1st cent. AD onward, the word magus in its Syriac form (magusai) was applied to magicians and soothsayers, chiefly from Babylonia. As long as the Persian empire lasted there was a distinction between the Persian magi, credited with profound religious knowledge, and the Babylonian magi, often considered outright imposters. See also Magi.


Augusta
City (pop., 1996 est.: 21,000), capital of Maine. It was established in 1628 by traders from Plymouth Colony as a post at the head of navigation on the Kennebec River. Ft. Western was built there in 1754 (restored 1919), attracting settlers. Incorporated in 1797, the town was renamed the next year for the daughter of an Amer. Revolutionary general. It became the state capital in 1832. It is one of Maine's leading vacation centers.


bagasse
Fiber remaining after the extraction of the sugar-bearing juice from sugarcane. The term was once applied more generally to various waste residues from processing plant materials. Bagasse may be used as fuel in the sugarcane mill or as a source of cellulose for manufacturing animal feeds. Paper is produced from bagasse in several Latin-Amer. countries, in the Middle East, and in all sugar-producing countries that are deficient in forest resources. It is the essential ingredient for the production of pressed building board, acoustical tile, and other construction materials.


Camus
Algerian-French novelist, essayist, and playwright. Born into a working-class family in Algiers, he worked with a theatrical company after graduating from its university, becoming associated with leftist causes. He spent the war years in Paris, and the French Resistance brought him into the circle of J.-P. Sartre and existentialism. He became a leading literary figure with his enigmatic first novel, The Stranger (1942), a study of 20th-cent. alienation, and the philosophical essay The Myth of Sisyphus (1942), an analysis of contemporary nihilism and the concept of the absurd. The Plague (1947), his allegorical second novel, and The Rebel (1951), another long essay, developed related issues. Other major works include the novel The Fall (1956) and the short-story collection Exile and the Kingdom (1957). His plays include Le malentendu (1944) and Caligula (1944). He won the Nobel Prize in 1957. He died in a car accident.


Caruso
Italian tenor. Born in Naples and apprenticed to a mechanical engineer at 10, at 18 he began to sing in public in his free time. He attracted the notice of a teacher, and made his professional debut in 1894. He sang his best-known role, Canio in R. Leoncavallo's Pagliacci, for ...

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