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militia
Military organization of citizens with limited military training who are available for emergency service, usually for local defense. In many countries the militia is of ancient origin. The Anglo-Saxons required every able-bodied free male to serve. In colonial America, it was the only defense against hostile Indians when regular British forces were not available. In the Amer. Revolution, the militia, called the Minutemen, provided the bulk of the Amer. forces. Militias played a similar role in the War of 1812 and the Amer. Civil War. State-controlled volunteer militias in the U.S. became the National Guard. The U.S. in recent decades has seen a rise in so-called civilian or unorganized militias, paramilitary organizations of uncertain legal status whose members profess to be patriots training to protect the U.S. from threats to its sovereignty from within and without. Many have white-supremacist leanings, and some have been implicated in terrorist attacks (incl. the 1995 bombing of Oklahoma City's federal building). Some find justification for their actions in perceived persecution by the U.S. government.


Milstein
Argentine-British immunologist. In 1975 Milstein and Georges Kö hler (1946-1995) fused short-lived, highly specific lymphocytes with the cells of a myeloma, a type of tumor that can reproduce indefinitely. The hybrid cells, like lymphocytes, secreted antibody to a single antigen and, like myeloma cells, perpetuated themselves. This enabled production of large quantities of pure antibodies against single antigenic characteristics (monoclonal antibodies). Milstein, Kö hler, and Niels K. Jerne (1911-1994) shared a Nobel Prize in 1984.


mite
Any of about 20,000 species of tiny arachnids (subclass Acari, sometimes Acarina or Acarida). Species range from microscopic to 0.25 in. (6 mm) long. Mites live in water and soil, on plants, and as plant and animal parasites. Both parasitic and nonparasitic forms transmit plant and animal diseases. Itch mites (family Sarcoptidae), which burrow into the skin of humans and animals, cause the highly contagious disease scabies. A few species transmit tapeworms to cattle. Grain mites (family Glycyphagidae) damage stored products and irritate the skin of those who handle the products. House dust allergy is caused by species of the common genus Dermatophagoides. See also chigger.


Mixtec
Indian population in S Mexico. They attained a high degree of civilization in Aztec and pre-Aztec times, leaving behind written records. Today they are slash-and-burn agriculturists who also hunt, fish, herd, and gather wild foods. Their crafts include ceramics and weaving. Nominally Roman Catholic and active in church brotherhoods (cofradí as), they blend pre-Christian beliefs and practices with Catholic rituals.

Top words beginning with M: mishearing, moschcowitz, mycocecidium, microzymian, methanes, manciple, mikra, monumentally, muskogee, metrocystosises, meningorachidian, mesosaurus, mixtecan, microcosmus, moriens, mangelwurzel, miraclist, muzo, mytilene, morigerously

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