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Possible definitions for kaffir
Kabir
Indian mystic and poet. A weaver who lived in Benares, he preached the essential oneness of all religions and was critical of both Hinduism and Islam for meaningless rites and mindless repetition. From Hinduism he accepted the ideas of reincarnation and the law of karma, but rejected idolatry, asceticism, and the caste system. From Islam he accepted the idea of one God and the equality of all men. Revered by both Hindus and Muslims, he is also considered a forerunner of Sikhism, and some of his poetry was incorporated into the Adi Granth. His ideas led to the founding of several sects, incl. the Kabir Panth, which regards Kabir as its principal guru or as a divinity.
Laffite
French pirate He led a band of privateers that preyed on Spanish ships and smuggled goods and slaves through New Orleans, where the group lived on islands south of the city. In the War of 1812 the British offered Laffite $30,000 for his allegiance in their planned attack on the city. He warned Louisiana officials of the attack but was not believed. He then offered his aid to Gen. A. Jackson, who accepted Laffite's help in the Battle of New Orleans. After the war Laffite returned to privateering against the Spanish.
Laffitte
French banker and politician. He became a partner in a Perregaux banking house in 1800 and head of the firm in 1804. As governor of the Bank of France (1814-19), he raised large sums of money for the provisional government in 1814 and for Louis XVIII during the Hundred Days. He saved Paris from a financial crisis in 1818. An early partisan of a constitutional monarchy under Louis-Philippe, he did much to secure Louis-Philippe's accession to the throne, and briefly served as premier (1830-31) in the July monarchy.
tafsir
Science of explanation and interpretation of the Quran. It arose after the death of Muhammad to deal with ambiguity, variant readings, defective texts, and apparent contradictions in the scripture. Starting from mere personal speculation, tafsir developed into a system of systematic exegesis of the Quran's text, proceeding verse by verse and sometimes word by word. Early stages relied on the Hadith, later giving rise to a dogmatic type of tafsir. The most comprehensive tafsir was compiled by al-Tabari. Muslim modernists employ tafsir as a vehicle for their reformist ideas.
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