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Possible definitions for jonque
jonquil
Popular garden flower (Narcissus jonquilla), a Mediterranean perennial bulbous herb of the amaryllis family. Bearing long linear leaves, it is widely cultivated for its yellow or white, fragrant, short-tubed, clustered flowers. An oil from jonquil flowers is used in perfumes. See also narcissus.
Fouquet
French finance minister (1653-61) in the early years of the reign of Louis XIV. He was a wealthy supporter of the powerful Cardinal Mazarin and of the royal government during the turmoil of the Fronde (1648-53), when he lent large sums to the treasury. In 1653 he was appointed superintendent of finance. After Mazarin's death (1661), J.-B. Colbert sought to succeed Fouquet by destroying his reputation with the king. Fouquet was arrested for embezzlement, while Colbert suppressed papers that would have absolved him. Though public opinion was in his favor, he was sentenced in 1664 to imprisonment in the fortress of Pignerol, where he died.
French painter. Little is known about his early life or training, but a trip to Rome in the 1440s exposed him to Italian Renaissance art, which influenced his own native N European style. His most famous works were produced for Charles VII's secretary, É tienne Chevalier: a large Book of Hours with some 60 full-page miniatures, and a diptych from Notre-Dame at Melun (c.1450), with Chevalier's portrait on one panel and a Madonna and Child on the other. The altarpiece of the Pietà in the church at Nouans is his only monumental painting. In 1475 he became royal painter to Louis XI. He broadened the range of miniature painting to include vast panoramas of architecture and landscape and made brilliant use of aerial perspective and color tonality. He was the preeminent French painter of the 15th cent.
jongleur
Professional storyteller or public entertainer in medieval France. His roles included those of musician, juggler, acrobat, and reciter of literary works. Jongleurs performed in marketplaces on public holidays, in abbeys, and in castles of nobles, who sometimes retained them in permanent employment. Jongleurs were most important in the 13th cent.; in the 14th cent., the various facets of their role were taken over by other performers. See also goliard, trouvè re.
mosque
Islamic public place of prayer. The masjid jami, or "collective mosque," is the center of community worship and the site of Friday prayer services. Though the mosque--originally a sacred plot of ground--has been influenced by local architectural styles, the building has remained essentially an open space, usually roofed, with a minaret sometimes attached. Statues and pictures are not permitted as decoration. The minbar, a seat at the top of steps placed at the right of the mihrab, is used by the preacher (khatib) as a pulpit. Occasionally there is also a maqsurah, a box or wooden screen originally used to shield a worshiping ruler from assassins. The minaret, ...
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