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bema
(Greek: "step") Raised stone platform originally used in Athens as a tribunal where orators addressed the citizens and courts of law. In modern times it is usually a rectangular wooden platform. The bema became a standard fixture in Eastern Orthodox churches, functioning as a stage for the altar and clergy. In synagogues, the bema (or bimah) is a raised platform with a reading desk from which the Torah and passages from the Prophets are read.


deme
(Greek, demos) In ancient Greece, a country district or village, as distinct from a polis. In Cleisthenes' democratic reforms (508-507 BC), the demes of Attica (the area around Athens) gained a voice in local and state government. The Attic demes had their own police powers, cults, and officials. Males of 18 years of age became registered members of the deme. Members decided deme matters and kept property records for taxation. Each deme sent representatives to the Athenian boule in proportion to its size. The term continued to be applied to local districts in Hellenistic and Roman times.


hemp
Stout, aromatic, erect annual herbaceous plant (Cannabis sativa, family Cannabaceae), the sole species of Cannabis; also, its fiber. Hemp originated in Central Asia and is now cultivated widely in the N temperate zone. A tall, canelike variety is raised for the fiber; a short, more branched variety is prized as the more abundant source of marijuana. Hemp fiber is strong and durable and is used for cordage and for artificial sponges and such coarse fabrics as sacking (burlap) and canvas. Hemp is grown primarily for fiber in most countries.


Jami
Persian scholar, mystic, and poet. Despite offers of patronage by many Islamic rulers, he led a simple life, mostly in Herat. His prose ranges from Qur'anic commentaries to treatises on Sufism and music. His poetry expresses ethical and philosophical views in fresh, graceful language. His best known poetry collection is The Seven Thrones (or Ursa Major). He is often called the last great mystical poet of Iran.


jeep
Outstanding light vehicle of World War II, developed by the U.S. Army Quartermaster Corps. It weighed 11 / 4 tons, had a four-cylinder engine, and could climb 60° grades and operate on rough terrain thanks to its four-wheel drive and high clearance. Its name came from its military designation: "vehicle, GP" (i.e., general-purpose). After the war it became widely used in civilian life.


Jew
Any person whose religion is Judaism. In a wider sense the term refers to any member of a worldwide ethnic and cultural group descended from the ancient Hebrews who traditionally practiced the Jewish religion. The Hebrew term Yehudi, translated as Judaeus in Latin and Jew in English, originally referred to a member of the tribe of Judah. In Jewish tradition, any child born of a Jewish mother is considered a Jew; in Reform Judaism a child is considered a Jew if ...

Top words beginning with J: jissom, juxtapapillary, jct, jacobitism, jincamas, juggle, jives, jots, jampan, jees, jamrosade, japanophobia, jawboner, jackies, jetbeads, jauntiness, jebus, jumamoto, jailed, johansen

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