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Eames
U.S. designers. Born in St. Louis, Charles was trained as an architect; Ray (born Ray Kaiser), a native of Sacramento, studied painting with H. Hofmann (1933-39). After marrying in 1941, they moved to California, where they designed movie sets and researched the uses of plywood for furniture. In 1946 an exhibit of their furniture designs at the Museum of Modern Art resulted in the mass production of their molded plywood chairs by the Herman Miller Furniture Co., and their furniture soon became known for its beauty, comfort, and elegance. After 1955 they made educational films, notably Powers of Ten (1969). They worked as design consultants to major U.S. corporations, incl. IBM.


Hermes
Greek god, son of Zeus and Maia. The earliest center of his cult was probably Arcadia, where he was worshiped as a god of fertility. He was also associated with the protection of cattle and sheep. In Homer's Odyssey he appears as the messenger of the gods and the conductor of the dead to Hades. As a messenger he also became the god of roads and doorways and the protector of travelers. He was also the god of dreams. His Roman counterpart was Mercury.


-->James I

King of Scotland, as James VI (1567-1625), and first Stuart king of England (1603-25). Son of Mary, Queen of Scots, and Lord Darnley, at age 1 James succeeded his mother to the Scottish throne. Controlled by a succession of regents, he became the puppet of contending intriguers--both Roman Catholics, who sought to bring his mother back to the throne, and Protestants. In 1583 he began to pursue his own policies as king, allying himself with England. He succeeded to the English throne on the death of Elizabeth I, as great-great-grandson of Henry VII. He quickly achieved peace and prosperity by ending England's war with Spain (1604). He presided over the Hampton Court Conference (1604), rejecting most of the Puritans' demands for reform of the Church of England but permitting preparation of a new translation of the Bible, the King James Version. His policies toward Catholics led to the Gunpowder Plot. His growing belief in royal absolutism and his conflicts with an increasingly self-assertive Parliament led to his dissolution of Parliament from 1611 to 1621. With the death of R. Cecil, he came under the influence of incompetent favorites.

King of the Scots (1406-37). The son and heir of Robert III, he was captured by the English in 1406 and held prisoner in London until 1424. During the 13 years in which he truly ruled Scotland (1424-37), he established the first strong monarchy the Scots had known in nearly a century. He weakened the nobility but did not entirely subdue the Highland lords, and he greatly improved the administration of justice for the common people. His murder in a Dominican friary by a group of rival nobles led to a popular uprising in favor of his widow and 6-year-old son, who succeeded him as James II.

King of Aragon and Catalonia (1214-76). The ...

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