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Possible definitions for iba


ibex
Any of several species of surefooted, sturdy wild goats found in the mountains of Europe, Asia, and NE Africa. Ibex are typically about 3 ft (90 cm) tall at the shoulder and have brownish gray fur that is darker on the underparts. The male has a beard and large, semicircular horns.


ibis
Any of about 20 species of medium-sized wading birds (subfamily Threskiornithinae) of the same family as the spoonbills. Ibises are found in all warm regions except on S. Pacific islands. They wade in shallow lagoons, lakes, bays, and marshes, using their slender, down-curved bill to feed on small fishes and soft mollusks. Species range from 22 to 30 in. (55-75 cm) long. Ibises fly with neck and legs extended, alternately flapping and sailing. They usually breed in vast colonies.


Ifat
Muslim state (1285-1415), central Ethiopia. Flourishing in the fertile uplands, it was established through the conquests of a 13th-cent. ruler known as Walashma. It served as a buffer between the pagan kingdom of Damot and the Christian kingdom of Ethiopia. Ifat was conquered by the Ethiopian king Amda Tseyon in 1328 and made tributary to Ethiopia. After a long series of revolts, it was destroyed in 1415 when it was annexed to Ethiopia.


imam
Head of the Muslim community. In Sunni Islam the imam was identical with the caliph, designating the political successor of Muhammad. The Sunnis held the imam to be a man capable of error but deserving obedience provided he maintained the ordinances of Islam. In Shiite Islam the imam became a figure of absolute religious authority, possessed of unique insights into the Quran, divinely appointed and preserved from sin. With the historical disappearance of the last imam, there arose a belief in the hidden imam, who is identified with the mahdi. The term imam is also given to Muslims who lead prayers in mosques and is an honorary title.


Iran
Country, SW Asia. Area: 634,562 sq mi (1,643,510 sq km). Population (1997 est.): 62,304,000. Capital: Tehran. Iranians (Persians) constitute 45% of its population; other ethnic groups include the Kurds, the Lurs, the Bakhtyari, and the Balochi. Language: Farsi (Persian) (official). Religion: Islam (official); most are Shiites. Currency: rial. Iran occupies a high plateau more than 1,500 ft (460 m) above sea level and is surrounded by mountains. More than half of its surface area consists of salt deserts and other wasteland. About one-tenth of its land is arable, and another one-fourth is suitable for grazing. Iran's rich petroleum reserves account for about 9% of world reserves and are the basis of its economy. It is an Islamic republic with one legislative house; its head of state and government is the president, but the supreme political and religious authority is the religious leader. Habitation in Iran dates to c.100,000 BC, but recorded history began with the Elamites c.3000 BC. The Medes flourished from ...

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