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Garnier
French architect. The son of Charles Garnier (see Paris Opera), he held the position of architect of Lyon 1905-19. He is known chiefly for his Cité Industrielle, a farsighted plan for an industrial city. Most striking is his depiction of simplified reinforced-concrete forms inspired by the pioneering work of Auguste Perret. The most important work in Lyon to emerge from his Cité Industrielle was the large stockyard complex of 1908-24.

French naval officer, colonial administrator, and explorer. Son of an army officer, he joined the navy and participated in the French advance into S Vietnam in 1861. An enthusiastic believer in France's imperial destiny, he promoted the exploration of the Mekong River and took part in the first European expedition to enter Yunnan from the south (1866-68). His account, Voyage d'exploration en Indo-Chine, 1866-68 (1873), is a valuable record of the political and economic situation of the countries through which he passed. Summoned to Saigon in 1873 to rein in unauthorized trading with China, he instead tried to seize territory for France in N Vietnam and was killed in the attempt.


terrier
Any of several dog breeds developed, mostly in England, to find and kill vermin and for use in the sports of foxhunting and dog fighting. Bred to fight and kill, they often were pugnacious but are now bred for a friendlier temperament. Because terriers had to fit in rodent burrows, most breeds are small and lean and have a rough, wiry coat that requires little maintenance. They have a long head, square jaw, and deep-set eyes. All terriers are vocal and inclined to chase and confront. Most breeds were named for the place where they were developed. See also Airedale terrier, Bedlington terrier, Boston terrier, bull terrier, Dandie Dinmont terrier, fox terrier, Irish terrier, pit bull terrier, Scottish terrier, Yorkshire terrier.


Vermeer
Dutch painter. He was born in Delft, where his parents kept a tavern, and spent his entire life there. He twice served as head of the Delft artists' guild, but seems to have depended on his activities as an art dealer to support his family. He painted mainly interior genre subjects, depicting members of aristocratic and upper-middle-class society. About half of these paintings show solitary figures of women, absorbed in some ordinary, everyday activity. His interiors combine a microscopic observation of objects with a meticulous depiction of the gradations of daylight on varied shapes and surfaces. His masterpieces (none dated) include View of Delft, Young Woman Reading a Letter, and Allegory of Painting, his most symbolically complex work. He manages to be unique within a typically Dutch genre. Few foreign influences can be sensed in his work. His work was not widely appreciated in his own time, and he remained in obscurity until 1866, when Thé ophile Thoré celebrated his work and attributed 76 paintings to him; later authorities ...

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