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Possible definitions for gazdar


Gabar
Derogatory name applied to the Zoroastrian minority of Iran. The word may derive from the Arabic kafir ("infidel"). After the Muslim conquest of Persia in the 7th cent. BC, the Zoroastrians became an outcast minority, saddled with many social and economic disabilities. Since the 19th cent. they have received support from their coreligionists, the Parsis of India. Persecuted after the Islamic fundamentalist revolution of 1978-79, they currently number a few thousand.


Ganda
People of S Uganda who speak Luganda, a Bantu language of the Benue-Congo group. Numbering 3.7 million, the Ganda are Uganda's largest ethnic group. Traditionally hoe cultivators, they also grow cotton and coffee for export and keep livestock. In the 19th cent. the Ganda developed the centralized state known as Buganda.


Mandarin
In imperial China, a public official drawn from the ranks of the lesser officeholders who had achieved success in the Chinese examination system. The word comes from the Portuguese version of the Malay term for a minister of state. It has come to mean a pedantic official, a bureaucrat, or a person of position and influence (and usually a traditionalist or reactionary mindset) in intellectual or literary circles. The Mandarin language is the most widely spoken of the Chinese languages.


Nadar
French photographer, caricaturist, and writer. When his father's bankruptcy forced him to leave medical school in 1838, he settled in Paris and began selling caricatures to humor magazines. By 1853 he had become an expert photographer and had opened a portrait studio. His studies of prominent Parisians such as C. Baudelaire (1855) and E. Delacroix (1855) were exceptional in their naturalness, in contrast to the stiff formality of most portraits of the time. His studio became a favorite meeting place of the Paris intelligentsia, and was the site of the first Impressionist exhibit. A tireless innovator, in 1855 he patented the idea of using aerial photographs in mapmaking and surveying, and in 1858 he himself made the first successful aerial photograph, from a balloon. He also wrote novels, essays, satires, and autobiographical works.


radar
System that uses electromagnetic echoes to detect and locate objects in space. It can also measure precisely the distance (range) to an object and the speed at which the object is moving toward or away from the observing unit. Radar (the name is derived from radio detecting and ranging) originated in the experimental work of H. Hertz in the late 1880s. During World War II, British and U.S. researchers developed a high-powered microwave radar system for military use. Radar is used today in identification and monitoring of artificial satellites in earth orbit, as a navigational aid for airplanes and marine vessels, and for air-traffic control around major airports.

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