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Fourier
French mathematician and Egyptologist. While an engineer on Napoleon's Egyptian expedition, he conducted (1798-1801) anthropological investigations and wrote the preface to the monumental Description de l'É gypte, whose publication he oversaw (1809-28). In 1808 he was created a baron by Napoleon. In mathematics, he is primarily known for his work in heat conduction (1807-22), for his use of the Fourier series to solve differential equations, and for the related concept of the Fourier transform. As a scientist and a humanist, he epitomized the spirit of French intellectualism of the revolutionary era.

French social theorist. He advocated a reconstruction of society based on communal associations of producers known as phalanges (phalanxes). His system became known as Fourierism. He felt that phalanges would distribute wealth more equitably than under capitalism and that they would contribute both to a cooperative lifestyle and to individual self-fulfillment. After inheriting his mother's estate in 1812, he devoted himself to writing and refining his theories. Cooperative settlements based on Fourierism were started in France and the U.S., incl. Brook Farm.


Frazier
U.S. sociologist. Born in Baltimore, he studied at Howard and Clark universities. At Morehouse College he organized the Atlanta Univ. School of Social Work (for blacks). His controversial article "The Pathology of Race Prejudice" (1927) forced him to leave Morehouse; he obtained a PhD at the Univ. of Chicago in 1931, then taught at Fisk Univ. (1929-1934) and Howard Univ. (1934-59). His The Negro Family in the United States (1939) is among the first sociological works on blacks researched and written by a black.


Furies
Group of Greco-Roman goddesses of vengeance. The Furies lived in the underworld and ascended to earth to pursue the wicked. They were known to the Greeks as the Erinyes, but those who feared to speak their name often called them by euphemisms such as Eumenides ("Kind Ones"). According to Hesiod, they were daughters of Gaea, the earth goddess. Aeschylus made them the terrifying chorus of his tragedy Eumenides, and Euripides was the first to speak of them as three in number.

Top words beginning with F: frigidities, feldspathic, finn, fre, fortuned, formalistical, federating, florins, falconer, frolicsomeness, funnelwise, folklorism, fumarylacetoacetase, frivols, forgiveless, fruitage, follyproof, fontal, flowcharts, farmsteads

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