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Possible definitions for fft
fat
Any organic compound of plant or animal origin that is not volatile, does not dissolve in water, and is oily or greasy. Chemically, fats from animals and from vegetables (oils) are identical, consisting mainly of triglycerides (esters of glycerol with fatty acids); the differences are in the melting temperature and physical state (solid or liquid) of each, which depends on the saturation of the fatty acids and the length of the carbon chain. The glycerides may have only a few component fatty acids or as many as 100 (in butterfat). Almost all natural fats and oils are constructed from two-carbon units and thus contain only fatty acids with an even number of carbon atoms. Natural fats such as corn oil have small amounts of compounds besides triglycerides, incl. phospholipids, plant steroids, tocopherols (vitamin E), vitamin A, waxes, carotenoids, and many others, incl. decomposition products of these. Fats in foods come from ripe seeds and fruits (corn, peanuts, olives, avocados) and from animal sources (meat, eggs, milk). They contain more than twice as much energy (calories) per unit of weight as proteins and carbohydrates. Digestion of fats in foods, often partial, is done by enzymes called lipases. The breakdown products are absorbed from the intestines into the blood, which carries microscopic fat droplets reconstituted from digested fats or synthesized in cells to sites of storage or use. Fats are readily broken down, primarily into glycerol and fatty acids, by hydrolysis, a first step for many of their numerous industrial uses. See also lipid.
ACTH
Polypeptide hormone made in the pituitary gland. It regulates the activity of part of the cortex of the adrenal glands, the production site of important steroid hormones that affect electrolyte and water balance and the metabolism of fats, carbohydrates, and proteins. ACTH is found in vertebrates (except jawless fishes); in mammals it contains 39 amino acids. Overproduction of ACTH is one cause of Cushing's syndrome.
actin
One of two proteins responsible for contraction of muscle cells and the motility of other cells. It occurs as a monomer, G-actin, a globular protein, and in living cells as a polymer, F-actin, which resembles two strings of beads twisted around each other into thin filaments. The filaments occur in regular structures, alternated and interwoven with thick filaments that contain myosin, the other major muscle protein. The thick and thin filaments slide past each other, under the control of calcium ions, resulting in contraction (shortening) and relaxation (lengthening) of the muscle cells.
Aflaq
Syrian social and political leader. While studying at the Univ. of Paris (1929-34) he came to believe that the Arab nationalist struggle had to oppose both the native elite and foreign rulers. Hoping to unite all the Arab states into a single socialist nation through nonviolence, he es-tablished the Baath Party ...
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