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Babur
Emperor (1526-30) and founder of the Mughal dynasty of India. A descendant of Genghis Khan and Timur, he came from a tribe of Mongol origin but was Turkish in language and upbringing. In his youth he tried for 10 years (1494-1504) to gain control of Samarkand, Timur's old capital. Those efforts ended in his losing his own principality in Fergana, but he consoled himself by seizing and holding Kabul (1504). After four failed attempts, he successfully occupied Delhi (1525). Surrounded by enemy states, Babur (the name is Arabic for "Tiger") persuaded his homesick troops to stand their ground, and over the next four years he defeated his foes. His grandson Akbar consolidated the new empire. Babur was also a gifted poet and a lover of nature who constructed gardens wherever he went. His prose memoirs, the Babur-nameh, have become a world classic of autobiography.
Bactria
Ancient country, SW Asia. It was between the Hindu Kush and the Amu Darya in present-day Afghanistan, Uzbekistan, and Tajikistan. Its capital was the city of Bactra. From the 6th cent. BC it was controlled by the Achaemenian dynasty; conquered by Alexander the Great, the area was ruled after his death (323 BC) by the Seleucids. It was important throughout these years as a crossroads for East-West overland trade as well as for religion and art. The area ultimately came under Muslim control in the 7th cent. AD.
Top words beginning with B: bravi, butoxy, battalia, bias, butung, beset, benzoperoxide, beguine, barinaga, blackbush, bifurcate, baizas, bivinyls, blithehearted, besodden, bogled, boland, backbenchers, bacterid, braziery
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